Heat the oven and prepare the pan. Set the oven to 350°F. Grease and flour your chosen pan generously, whether that’s a Bundt pan, a 9″x13″ baking dish, two 9-inch round pans, or three 8-inch round pans, then set it aside. For rounds, you can grease the pan, line it with parchment paper, and grease and flour the parchment as well, which guarantees a clean release.
Build the wet base. In a large mixing bowl, beat the sugar and oil together. Add the eggs one at a time, letting each disappear before the next goes in, then beat in the vanilla.
Sift the dry ingredients. In a separate bowl, sift together the flour, baking powder, baking soda, salt, cinnamon, nutmeg, cloves, and allspice so the spices and leavening are evenly dispersed before they meet the batter.
Combine, then load the batter. Add the dry mixture to the wet, mixing only until the two are combined and the flour has just disappeared. Stir in the carrots, the pineapple along with its juice, and the nuts, coconut, and raisins if you’re using them. Transfer the batter to your prepared pan or pans.
Bake and cool completely. Bake for 60 to 75 minutes for a Bundt cake, 40 to 50 minutes for a 9×13-inch pan, or 25 to 30 minutes for round pans, until a toothpick inserted in the middle comes out clean. Let a Bundt cake rest in the pan for 15 minutes before turning it onto a wire rack, and give rounds or a 9×13-inch cake 10 minutes if you’re removing them from the pan. Once the cake is completely cool, frost it, scatter over extra chopped nuts if you like, and serve.